The VOR is crucial to preserve clear vision (e.g., whilst reading) and maintain balance by stabilising gaze during head movements. Here, we consider the role of cerebellar Purkinje cells in the adaptation of the vestibular ocular reflex (VOR), which generates rapid contralateral eye movements that maintain images in the fovea during head rotations ( Fig 1A). Within the cerebellar cortex, the inhibitory projections of Purkinje cells to medial vestibular nuclei (MVN) mediate the acquisition of accurate oculomotor control. The cerebellum controls fine motor coordination including online adjustments of eye movements. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. All software-related files are available from the URL: (user: REVIEWER, password: REVIEWER).įunding: This work was supported by the European Union ( Project SpikeControl 658479 (recipient NL), the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación and European Regional Development Fund ( Project CEREBROT TIN2016-81041-R (recipient ER), and the French National Research Agency ( – Essilor International ( Chair SilverSight ANR-14-CHIN-0001 (recipient AA). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Received: JAccepted: JanuPublished: March 12, 2019Ĭopyright: © 2019 Luque et al. Battaglia, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS PLoS Comput Biol 15(3):Įditor: Francesco P. Altogether, these results predict that Purkinje spike burst-pause dynamics are instrumental to VOR learning and reversal adaptation.Ĭitation: Luque NR, Naveros F, Carrillo RR, Ros E, Arleo A (2019) Spike burst-pause dynamics of Purkinje cells regulate sensorimotor adaptation. Importantly, pauses are crucial to facilitate VOR phase-reversal learning, by reshaping previously learnt synaptic weight distributions. Tonic Purkinje cell firing maintains the consolidated VOR through time. In addition, properly timed and sized Purkinje cell bursts allow the ratio between long-term depression and potentiation (LTD/LTP) to be finely shaped at mossy fibre-medial vestibular nuclei synapses, which optimises VOR consolidation. This gating mechanism accounts for early and coarse VOR acquisition, prior to the late reflex consolidation. Our results suggest that pauses following Purkinje complex spikes (bursts) encode transient disinhibition of target medial vestibular nuclei, critically gating the vestibular signals conveyed by mossy fibres. A detailed Purkinje cell model reproduces the three spike-firing patterns that are shown to regulate the cerebellar output. The model captures the cerebellar microcircuit properties and it incorporates spike-based synaptic plasticity at multiple cerebellar sites. Here, a spiking cerebellar model assesses the role of Purkinje cell firing patterns in vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) adaptation. However, it remains unclear how oculomotor adaptation depends on the interplay between the characteristic Purkinje cell response patterns, namely tonic, bursting, and spike pauses. Cerebellar Purkinje cells mediate accurate eye movement coordination.
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